Lord Fraser of Carmyllie, the former Solicitor General, claimed that in an independent Scotland, Glasgow and Edinburgh airports could be bombed by an English government if it was threatened by an unfriendly country.
The former deputy leader of the UK Conservative Party, who died last month aged 68, also said SNP policies removing nuclear forces from Scottish bases and reducing Scotland's navy "essentially" to fishery protection vessels could make Scotland a war zone.
He said a country with a few fishery protection vessels was "asking to be invaded".
Tory Education Secretary Michael Gove claimed that an independent Scotland would no longer have a National Health Service.
Gove is the highest-profile Scottish member of the UK Cabinet and accused Alex Salmond of "dodging some fundamental questions."
He said: "Do the people of Scotland want to have the pound, the euro or an alternative currency? Do the people of Scotland want to have the same level of welfare benefits as the rest of the United Kingdom?
"Do they want to be part of the same nation that has a British Broadcasting Corporation and a National Health Service?"
Home Secretary Theresa May claimed that passport checks would be issued at Scotland's border with England.
She said: "Any decision on retention of UK citizenship by Scottish citizens after independence would be affected by future Scottish Government policy decisions.
"To date, the current Scottish Government have not set out what their proposed policies would be in these areas.
"Decisions on UK citizenship remain with the UK Government, but if the vote in the referendum is for a separatist vote then Scotland will become a separate state."
Questions were published by the Westminster Scottish Affairs Committee querying if people could still buy wine from The Sunday Times Wine Club or whether the school curriculum would include "English".
The questions, which were submitted anonymously to the committee for its report The Referendum on Separation for Scotland: Unanswered Questions, makes for some bizarre reading.
Concerns included: "What will happen to Radio 4 — will we still be able to hear it?
"Will the overnight sleepers to London be kept on?"
There were also claims that the Westminster Government would seize custody of the giant pandas at Edinburgh Zoo post-independence.
The two giant pandas resident at Edinburgh Zoo – the first to live in the UK for 17 years – came under an agreement with China.
Regardless of the constitutional path Scotland takes, it's likely Tian Tian and Yang Guang would remain under the 10-year agreement with the zoo.
But that hasn't stopped the question being asked – if they were lent to the UK, and Scotland goes for independence ... what would the Chinese think?
Last week, Scots were told they would pay higher roaming mobile phone charges in England ... despite the fact that the EU is abolishing the charges. The Yes camp said it was a red-handed case of scaremongering.
A paper published by the UK Government examining the impact of a Yes vote in next year's independence referendum warned that mobile phone companies could introduce roaming charges.
UK Consumer Minister Jo Swinson warned that independence could also drive up the cost of posting letters. The Scots MP said: "If Scotland left the UK, posting a letter or making a call could cost more."
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