Scotttish salmon farming may be booming, but Europe's reliance on seafood imports is increasing, so scientists will investigate why the continent's aquaculture industry is flat-lining in contrast to those in non EU countries.

The aquaculture industry within the EU has failed to grow in recent years, while countries outwith the EU, including other European countries like Norway, have expanded theirs. In China alone, the industry was worth more than $66 billion in 2012 and it continues to grow year on year. Europe produces around 2 per cent of the world's aquaculture and imports 80 per cent of all its aquatic produce

The three year AquaSpace project is being led by Professor Kenny Black from the Scottish Association for Marine Science's (SAMS) base near Oban, and brings together a global team of experts on aquaculture in the environment.

Aquaculture embraces the farming of fish, shellfish and aquatic plants

The team will look at case studies across the world to find out how the EU can kick-start the industry to create more jobs and make the continent more self-sufficient. The scientists will also consider what impact planning and public perception has on the industry.

"As the world population grows, we will have huge issues regarding food security. Aquaculture, if managed in a sustainable way, could be part of the solution," said Professor Black, University of the Highlands and Islands Professor of Aquaculture and Environment Interactions.

"We aim to find out how we can make space for sustainable aquaculture and use Marine Spatial Planning to increase food security and employment opportunities through economic growth.

"We will also look at how society views aquaculture, whether their fears are justified or not and whether this creates uncertainty for farmers looking to start up a business.""

AquaSpace member Professor John Grant, from the Department of Oceanography, Dalhousie University, Nova Scotia, said: "We already know that into the future there will not be enough land to grow all the crops we need to feed the planet. Fisheries have a huge variety of problems through being over exploited, so aquaculture is one sensible way to be able to farm the seas."

Dr �ivind Bergh, from the Institute of Marine Research, Norway, is also on the AquaSpace team. He said: "The coastline has lots of different uses: tourism, people want to live there, energy production and so on. Most of these sectors are more mighty than the aquaculture industry, so if Europe wants to develop aquaculture and become more self-sustaining regarding fish production we have to address these problems and utilise space in a smarter way."