A telephone problem which caused hundreds of flights to be delayed will not be fixed before 6pm on Saturday, air traffic controllers have said.

Flights have been delayed and cancelled at airports across the UK and Ireland because of a technical problem at an air traffic control centre.

Thousands of people have been affected at major airports including Glasgow, Edinburgh, Heathrow, Stansted and Gatwick.

Nats, the UK's leading provider of air traffic control services, said the issue arose at its control centre in Swanwick, Hampshire, in the early hours of the morning when a computing glitch meant the night-time operation failed to properly switch over to the daytime system.

It said disruption of Sunday's flights is "inevitable", even if the problem is rectified later.

Scotland's two biggest airports reported delays.

A spokesman for Glasgow airport said: "A technical issue with air traffic control is resulting in some flight delays."

He said that it was predominantly domestic flights which were affected and advised passengers to check with their airline for specific flight info to see if they are affected.

Around eight hours after the first announcement, Glasgow Airport tweeted that some domestic flights were "still subject to delays" and continued to advise passengers to contact specific airlines for details.

A spokesman for Edinburgh Airport said the Nats technical fault had led to delays on southbound flights and he asked passengers to contact their airline if they are due to travel today.

He said 12 flights are currently delayed but there are no cancellations.

He said the delays are ranging from one hour and 45 minutes to three hours and 50 minutes.

Passengers are advised to check with their airline.

A further tweet from Edinburgh airport said they were still experiencing delays and cancellations at around 2.30pm.

Heathrow had cancelled 60 flights by 9.45am, with that figure split roughly equally between departures and arrivals.

A Heathrow Airport spokeswoman said: "Due to a technical issue with air traffic control, flights from many UK airports, including Heathrow, are subject to delay and cancellation.

"If you are flying today you should check the status of your flight with your airline. We are sorry that passengers have experienced disruption to their journeys."

A Nats spokesman said: "Due to a technical problem at Swanwick we are currently experiencing some difficulty switching from night-time to daytime operation.

"At night, when it's quiet, we can combine sectors of airspace. When it gets busy in the daytime, we split the sectors out again. The voice communications system is configured to enable this to happen.

"We experienced a technical problem in the early hours of this morning, which means that it hasn't been possible to reconfigure the voice communications system to split out the sectors for the busier daytime traffic in some areas of the UK enroute airspace.

"Engineers are working to rectify the problem as soon as possible, but this is resulting in some delays. Safety has not been compromised at any time, and we sincerely apologise for any inconvenience being caused to passengers."

A Stansted spokesman said all of the Essex airport's departing flights were subject to delays of between 30 minutes and two hours, while Gatwick said 20% of its departures had been delayed, with passengers warned they could wait for "a couple of hours".

The Stansted spokesman said: "There are restrictions on the airspace and the flow of aircraft. Our first departures go at 6am, so that's when the problems started."

A spokeswoman for Gatwick Airport said: "There are some issues with the air traffic control system.

"The result of it is that, at the moment, 20% of our flights are being delayed, by anything up to a couple of hours, but we're getting people moving and getting them away."

A spokeswoman for Dublin Airport said it was experiencing delays, with all flights at Cardiff Airport affected this morning.

London City Airport said about 50% of its flights had been disrupted, while Luton said inbound flights were unaffected but outbound flights had been hit.

Bournemouth Airport in Dorset and Newcastle Airport were also affected.

Independent aviation analyst Chris Yates said: "It's going to be a day of frustrations and the knock-on effects are going to last for the whole day because of the backlog of planes. It will be a tough day for everybody."

Mr Yates said Swanwick controls all aircraft over the South of England, meaning thousands of passengers would be affected.

"There are contingency plans in place whenever this happens," he said. "Many of the long-haul flights, coming from China, India, the US and so on, passengers sitting on those planes may find themselves diverted to continental airports.

"But it's going to be a long wait for them. When the system kicks back in and starts working, there will be a backlog of flights.

"For those waiting to fly out, it's going to be a case of sitting around the airport terminal until things get back to normal."

Passanger Daisy McAndrew said she had been caught in the "unholy mess" at Gatwick as she tried to fly to Barcelona for work.

"As ever, staff have been fantastic but they know nothing other than the fact it is going to be a very, very long delay - very frustrating," Ms McAndrew told Sky News.

"And also, it's embarrassing, isn't it? When you look around a lot of people on my plane are not British, they are flying British Airways, they are probably trying to get back to Spain and they will inevitably be thinking this is something that could have possibly been prevented.

"It doesn't show our air traffic control system or our travel system in a good light."

Passengers are advised to check with their airline for the latest situation.

Virgin Atlantic wrote on Twitter: "Due to issues with UK air traffic control this morning, we are experiencing some delays."

On its website, Ryanair apologised for any inconvenience, writing: "Ryanair has been advised of an equipment failure within UK air traffic control which will cause significant flight delays and possible cancellations."

EasyJet advised passengers to check in for flights as normal "as the situation can improve", but suggested they refer to the airline's flight tracker page for updates.

A message on its website read: "Although this is beyond easyJet's control, we apologise for any inconvenience that you may experience today."

The problem is unlikely to be fixed until 2pm at the earliest.

The Association of British Travel Agents (Abta) said: "Nats air traffic control has advised that, due to air traffic control telephone equipment failure at Swanwick, they are currently experiencing some difficulty switching from night-time to daytime operations.

"Technicians are working to try to resolve the issue but have advised that this is unlikely to be before 2pm today.

"Delays and flight cancellations at some UK airports are being experienced as a result.

"Customers due to travel today should liaise with their airline to establish if there are any changes to their flight arrangements.

"Furthermore, customers should be prepared for potential delays and are advised to carry essential items such as medication in their hand luggage."

A spokeswoman for British Airways said: "All airlines at Heathrow and Gatwick, and other airports, are suffering delays because of an air traffic control system issue.

"We are doing all we can to minimise disruption to our flights, but there will inevitably be a number of short-haul cancellations at some UK and European airports.

"Customers are advised to check BA.com for latest flight information before travelling to the airport.

"Customers on cancelled flights will be able to claim a full refund or be rebooked on to alternative flights.

"Given that Heathrow is the world's busiest two-runway airport and Gatwick is the world's busiest single-runway airport, there will be problems for all airlines as a result of the ATC failures."

Nats said that, while it could not specify when the issue would be fixed, it was "working as hard as possible to solve the problem".

The spokesman said the problem was linked to voice communications, which includes, but is not confined to, the telephone system.

A Manchester Airport spokesman said: "Due to an air traffic control issue the whole country is facing air travel delays at the moment.

"At Manchester Airport we are currently facing minor delays but traffic is coming in and out. The safety of our passengers is always paramount so we will continue to liaise with air traffic control until the issue is resolved.

"Passengers should check with their airline and on our website for individual flight information."

The Airport Operators' Association also reiterated that passengers should contact their airline direct.

In a statement, easyJet said: "EasyJet can confirm it is currently experiencing severe delays to flights to, from and within the UK due to a technical problem with UK air traffic control computer systems.

"While the majority of this morning's flights have now departed, severe delays to flights can be expected at all UK airports throughout the day with cancellations possible later.

"We're doing everything we can to ensure that our passengers are well taken care of while our flights await clearance to depart, by keeping them up to date with the latest information and providing them with free refreshments on board.

"Passengers are strongly advised to check www.easyJet.com or Flight Tracker tool at www.easyjet.com/en/flight-tracker for up to date information on the status of their flights.

"While these events are outside its control easyJet would like to apologise to its passengers for any inconvenience caused."

Many passengers took to Twitter to express their frustration at the delays.

Paralympic sailor Helena Lucas, who appeared to be one of the lucky ones, wrote: "Lots of angry people at Heathrow! Customer services is crowded with unhappy people! My flight looks on time fingers crossed!"

Twitter user @JustinLindberg wrote: "The entire air traffic control system has gone down at #Heathrow. No one knows when we will even board our flight. Wicked."

@PatBunton said on the site: "Stuck at Newcastle airport - a 3 1/2 hour delay - good luck to all @Oldfield_RFC players - best laid plans to get back and play in tatters."

Another passenger delayed, writing on Twitter as @mlymell, said: "Sitting on the plane in Dublin Airport and told we might have a 3hr delay cos of radar problems in London."

And @Riella101 wrote: "In T5 lounge at #Heathrow they have announced that all people on short haul flights today should collect their bags and rebook at Zone E."

Take That singer Howard Donald was also caught up in the chaos.

He wrote on Twitter: "Control tower failure at Heathrow as left me stranded for 2-3 hours at dusseldorf. Anyone know any games besides eye spy?" (sic).

Twitter user @TimSmalley wrote: "Crazy delays at Heathrow. Supposed to leave 1hr ago and we've just been told we might leave the gate by 3pm. And we can't leave the plane."

In an updated statement, British Airways said "there will inevitably be a significant number of short-haul cancellations at some UK and European airports today".

The statement said: "All airlines at London airports are suffering delays because of an air traffic control system issue.

"We are doing all we can to minimise disruption to our flights, but there will inevitably be a significant number of short-haul cancellations at some UK and European airports today.

"Customers are advised to check ba.com for latest flight information before travelling to the airport.

"Customers on cancelled flights will be able to claim a full refund or be rebooked on to alternative flights.

"Given that Heathrow is the world's busiest two-runway airport and Gatwick is the world's busiest single-runway airport, there will be problems for all airlines as a result of the ATC failures."