It emerged this week that a frozen burger found in the kitchen of Cumbernauld High School, North Lanarkshire, contained horse DNA.
North Lanarkshire Council said it was supplied by Brakes Group.
In response, Government ministers have indicated they will hold a summit to look at ways of improving the standard of food served in schools, including changing the way ingredients are sourced.
The Scottish Government said work will be carried out to ensure that as much food as possible is locally-sourced and ministers want to meet councils to discuss how standards can be raised further.
Education Secretary Michael Russell said: "Our schools meals have already been vastly improved but the horse meat scandal has thrown a spotlight on the sourcing of school food.
"Local authorities are rightly concerned that the good work going on to improve food in schools is being missed while we deal with the consequences of the current issue.
"We want to work with local authorities to be sure that best practice in procurement is routine in councils and that the procurement reforms we introduced are working well.
"That is why Richard Lochhead (Environment and Rural Affairs Secretary) and I will be inviting local authorities to a meeting to check standards and processes are in place and to discuss ways in which we can drive up standards and quality even more in future."
Mr Lochhead said: "We all know there is no substitute for high quality, locally sourced fresh produce and the recent horse meat issue has absolutely underlined that there is no substitute for quality.
"In Scotland, local authorities are already looking to use the best ingredients available on their doorstep more often than ever before.
"For example, in East Ayrshire Council on occasions where burgers are on the menu, they are made fresh from Scotch beef and recently a local Ayrshire butcher has stepped up and agreed to prepare them to the council's own recipe.
"I am keen to see more examples of this type of approach across Scotland. There is already much local sourcing but we need to strive for all food in our schools to be Scottish and of the highest standard."
Local authorities across Scotland have been advised to "place a hold" on frozen beef burgers following the discovery in North Lanarkshire.
It means schools, council leisure facilities and some social care establishments have also been told not to use any current stocks they have of frozen beef products, including mince.
They were also advised not to order any new stocks until the outcome of detailed investigations.
The move was confirmed by procurement agency Scotland Excel, which deals with contracts on a national basis.
It recommended councils and other public-sector customers to take a "precautionary approach" and take all frozen beef products off the menu.
Brakes Group said it has also placed an immediate hold on its beef burgers as a precautionary measure, but said it has received almost 200 negative results when testing for horse DNA in products supplied to the school in Cumbernauld.
North Lanarkshire Council said the situation was "simply unacceptable", and that it will continue to carry out additional testing in the coming days.
Scottish Conservative leader Ruth Davidson called for Mr Lochhead to be brought back before the Scottish Parliament to make an emergency statement on the escalating scandal.
Yesterday, Holyrood confirmed that catering giant Sodexo, which withdrew beef from its UK sites after a frozen product tested positive for horse DNA, had supplied burgers to the Parliament.
A spokeswoman said that, while written assurance had been received from Sodexo that supplies to Holyrood are not affected, its beef burgers have been taken off the menu there as a "precautionary measure".
Ms Davidson said: "Richard Lochhead is clearly out of his depth in dealing with this escalating food crisis and is rapidly running out of time to bring it under control.
"This issue has now gone straight to the heart of the Scottish Government.
"Now, we know that when he stood up in Parliament last week he was less than straight when he talked about the quality of food being served in our schools.
"Since then we have discovered that pupils may have been served horse meat in burgers.
"With every day that passes, it's becoming more apparent that Richard Lochhead has no idea how widespread this food scandal is in Scotland.
"We only heard half the truth when the minister made his statement in Parliament and the public now deserve to be told the full facts to help restore confidence in the food chain.
"The only way this can be done is for Richard Lochhead to come back to the chamber and give a full account of how widespread the problem of horse meat contamination is in Scotland."
In response to Ms Davidson's comments, a Scottish Government spokesman said: "Mr Lochhead made a statement to Parliament last week and will continue to keep MSPs updated with further developments.
"The Cabinet Secretary has also announced that two expert food groups will be established in response to concerns.
"One will advise on any changes required to the Food Standards Agency in Scotland ahead of the creation of the new stand-alone Food Standards body in Scotland.
"Another group will be created to take forward the Scottish food industry's work on traceability and provenance.
"Quality Meat Scotland will be asked to look into extending the Scotch label into the processing sector. The Cabinet Secretary will also be meeting with local authorities to discuss issues around produce used in the schools.
"He has also had a series of conversations and meetings with the wider food industry since the issue emerged and will continue to do so."
