The Scottish SPCA said the animals can often end up in their rescue centres when children lose interest.
The charity issued a reminder that abandonment is an offence and anyone found guilty of doing so could be banned from keeping animals for life.
Animal welfare officers are caring for more than 150 rabbits, guinea pigs and other small furry creatures after many were abandoned in the cold.
The Scottish SPCA said the animals can often end up in their rescue centres when children lose interest.
The charity issued a reminder that abandonment is an offence and anyone found guilty of doing so could be banned from keeping animals for life.
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