The Queen joked with the Canadian Prime Minister that he had "made her feel so old" after he spoke of her historic visits to Canada.
Justin Trudeau toasted the monarch at a Commonwealth Heads of Government Meeting (Chogm) banquet at the Corinthia Hotel in Malta.
He began his speech in French before joking that he is not the youngest prime minister but the newest.
Mr Trudeau went on to recount the Queen's past visits to Canada, including in Ottawa when she signed the Constitution Act in 1982.
He was visibly emotional as he spoke of his father attending the event before quipping that the Queen has "seen more of Canada than most Canadians".
The Queen responded by joking that the Canadian prime minister had made her feel "so old".
She said: "As Head of the Commonwealth, it is with great pleasure that I welcome you all here this evening.
"Thank you, Mr Prime Minister of Canada, for making me feel so old.
"We are grateful to be with you for the second Commonwealth Heads of Government Meeting hosted by Malta, and I hope that this occasion will allow you to gather as friends and enjoy Malta's hospitality."
The Queen arrived at the Corinthia Hotel to be greeted by the Maltese prime minister Joseph Muscat; UN secretary-general Ban Ki-moon; Sir John Major, chairman of the Queen Elizabeth Diamond Jubilee Trust, and Commonwealth secretary-general Kamalesh Sharma.
Accompanied by the Duke of Edinburgh, the Prince of Wales and the Duchess of Cornwall, they then greeted every national leader in turn.
The Queen was wearing a white state dress by Angela Kelly, with the Grand Duchess Vladimir tiara with emerald drops.
She also wore a Garter Star and the Delhi Durbar necklace.
The Duchess was wearing a Grey Lace Bruce Oldfield dress and a Boucheron tiara. She also wore the Queen's family order, which was given to Camilla on her 60th Birthday by the monarch.
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