Singer and songwriter who co-founded Jefferson Airplane

Born: January 30, 1942;

Died: September 27, 2018

MARTY Balin, who has died aged 76, was a singer and songwriter who co-founded the American counter-cultural rock group Jefferson Airplane.

The dark-eyed, baby-faced Balin was an ex-folk musician who formed Jefferson Airplane in 1965 and within two years was at the heart of a nationwide wave that briefly rivalled the Beatles' influence and even helped inspire the Beatles' Sgt Pepper album.

Jefferson Airplane was the breakout act among such San Francisco-based artists as the Grateful Dead and Janis Joplin, many of whom played early shows at the Matrix, a ballroom Balin helped run and for which Jefferson Airplane served as house band.

Balin himself was known for his yearning tenor on the ballads Today and It's No Secret, and on the political anthem Volunteers.

In the mid-1970s, when Jefferson Airplane regrouped as the more mainstream Jefferson Starship, Balin sang lead on such hits as Miracles, which he co-wrote, With Your Love and Count On Me.

He later had solo success with Hearts and Atlanta Lady.

Jefferson Airplane was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1996, but Balin would long have mixed feelings. Pride in the band's achievements was shadowed by its eventual break-up and by Balin's acknowledged jealousy of Grace Slick, the other lead vocalist.

Slick joined the group in the fall of 1966, soon before Jefferson Airplane recorded its landmark second album, Surrealistic Pillow.

One of rock's most charismatic singers and performers, she displaced Balin as the perceived leader, on stage and on Jefferson Airplane's best known songs, Somebody To Love and White Rabbit.

"Every time I did something, it was always Grace Slick and Jefferson Airplane and Grace Slick and the Starship," he told Relix magazine in 1993. "Even if it was my voice. I've even done songs of mine on my own and people come up to me and say, 'I'm surprised you do that song. I always thought it was Grace's.' For a while that hurt my feelings, but there's nothing I can do about it."

Balin was married twice, most recently to Susan Joy Finkelstein, and had three children.

He had been in showbusiness well before Jefferson Airplane.

Born Martin Jerel Buchwald in Cincinnati, he ended up in the San Francisco Bay Area as his father, a Jewish immigrant from Eastern Europe, struggled to find work.

Marty was a brooding, artistic child who dropped out of San Francisco State University to pursue a career in music. He recorded a few singles with some of Phil Spector's session musicians in the early 1960s before joining the folk group the Town Criers. He also changed his last name to Balin.

Like many of his peers, Balin switched to electronic music after seeing the Beatles' 1964 movie A Hard Day's Night.

Through the local club scene, he brought in songwriter-guitarist-vocalist Paul Kantner, singer Signe Anderson, whom Slick replaced, guitarist Jorma Kaukonen, bassist Jack Cassidy and drummer Skip Spence, a novice given the job by Balin because he supposedly looked like a rock star.

The name Jefferson Airplane, suggested by Kaukonen, was based in part on bluesman Blind Lemon Jefferson.

Meanwhile, Balin and a handful of business partners converted a Fillmore Street pizza place into the Matrix, which opened in August 1965. A year later, the group signed with RCA Records and released the folk-rock album The Jefferson Airplane Takes Off, for which Balin wrote or co-wrote eight songs.

"I remember it was really pretty and beautiful for a year or two," Balin told Relix magazine in 1993. "And then Time magazine came out and they were interviewing me. I told the guy, 'It's great that you're publicising this beautiful-feeling scene out here'," and he looked me right in the eye and said, 'Fastest way to kill it'."

Starting with Surrealistic Pillow, a soundtrack for many during the so-called Summer of Love of 1967, the group's music became more experimental.

By such albums as Blows Against the Empire and After Bathing at Baxter's, Kantner was the principal songwriter, and eventually Slick's boyfriend, and Balin found himself out of place with his own band and with the rock scene overall.

The classic film Gimme Shelter, centred on the ill-fated Altamont concert from 1969, showed Balin getting knocked out on stage by the Hell's Angels. By the early 1970s, he had left Jefferson Airplane.

In recent years, he released such albums as The Greatest Love and Good Memories, a retrospective of his Jefferson Airplane/Starship songs.

He also reunited on occasion with old bandmates, whether appearing in concert with Casady and Kaukoken and their group Hot Tuna, or bringing Signe Anderson on stage to perform Jefferson Airplane's first single, It's No Secret.

Marty Balin is survived by his third wife and two daughters.