ALMOST everyone – even farming and gamekeeping organisations – agrees there is some scope for rewilding in Scotland – the question is how much. The likes of NFU Scotland has, understandably, expressed concern about the idea of reintroducing the lynx or even wolves to the countryside, but now a coalition of campaigners says we should be going further than we are. Saving bits and pieces of nature is not enough, they say. Scotland should be rewilding on a massive scale.

The reason the organisations, which include Trees for Life and the Woodland Trust, are worried should be obvious: some of our most valued species, such as red squirrels and the capercaillie, are in serious decline or on the edge of extinction, and supporters of rewilding believe the large-scale restoration of natural ecosystems and, where appropriate, the reintroduction of missing species, could be the answer. According to Steve Micklewright, the chief executive of Trees of Life, Scotland’s wild places can flourish if we allow nature to work in its own way.

The evidence to support Mr Micklewright is compelling – there are many places around the world where rewilding has increased biodiversity. Scotland’s history of industry, shipbuilding, farming, two world wars – and our deer and sheep populations – have also taken their toll of our trees – only about four per cent of Scotland is native woodland. So clearly there is a problem to be solved.

However, rewilding should only go ahead on a large scale once there is an agreed structure for managing it and we are a long way from that. Farming, or some kind of land management, takes place in most corners of Scotland which would mean rewilding would have to happen in stages; there would also have to be a licensing system to allow landowners to petition to have some animals controlled or removed. Done in this way – cautiously but determinedly – rewilding has a lot to offer Scotland. There could even be chance of achieving its ultimate aim: working with nature, not against it.