There is a strong case for legalising banned substances in sport and allowing blood doping, a Scottish academic and adviser to US cycling has claimed.

Paul Dimeo, who is chair of the USA Cycling Anti-Doping Committee, said that the current rules enforced by the World Anti-Doping Agency (Wada) were ‘products of the 1960s’ and could do more harm than good.

Mr Dimeo, who works as a lecturer at the University of Stirling, said that cyclists and tennis players should be allowed to use non-medical blood transfusions, which are currently banned under anti-doping rules.

Read more: Revolutionary gene doping test is set to determine how prevalent the practice is in elite sport

He also claimed that erythropoietin (EPO), a hormone taken by disgraced American cyclist Lance Armstrong that boosts red cell production, could have medical benefits and may help increase athletes’ recovery and performance if used correctly.

Mr Armstrong was stripped of his seven Tour de France titles in 2012 after admitting to using EPO, testosterone, blood doping and human growth hormones.

Dr Dimeo, who has received research grants from Wada, told The Times: “We’ve been brought up to believe that Ben Johnson was a cheat, that Lance Armstrong was a cheat and that many of the Russians are cheats.

Read more: Anti-doping chief warns of EPO abuse in football

“If that’s the argument that’s officially presented then, of course, it’s difficult to challenge that.

“There has to be some kind of control, but it should take a middle ground between making a big deal over relatively harmless drugs – and punishing people who have done relatively little wrong - and catching organised, systematic cheats.

“There is a potential for the reconsideration of some drugs and that’s a debate we need to have.”

Read more: Doping scandal - Russian athletes set to miss World Indoor Championships

A spokesperson for Sportscotland said: “We fully support Wada’s vision for a world where athletes can compete in a doping-free sporting environment. We do not agree that the use of EPO and blood transfusions should be allowed in sport and unreservedly condemn the use of performance-enhancing drugs.”